Which type of ulcer is characterized by observable tissue loss but no exposed bone or muscle?

The correct answer is a Stage II pressure ulcer. Stage II pressure ulcers are characterized by partial-thickness skin loss, which may present as an observable wound that can involve the epidermis and part of the dermis. In these ulcers, there is visible tissue loss, but importantly, there is no exposure of underlying bone or muscle, which distinguishes it from deeper stages.

Stage III pressure ulcers involve a full-thickness skin loss that may extend into the subcutaneous tissue, potentially exposing structures like fat, but not bone or muscle—therefore, they do not meet the criteria of having only superficial loss. Stage IV pressure ulcers represent full-thickness tissue loss with exposure of bone, tendon, or muscle, indicating even more severe damage. Stage I ulcers present with non-blanchable erythema without any skin breakdown, signifying intact skin but with potential risk of further injury.

Understanding how these stages differ is crucial for effective wound management and treatment planning in maintaining tissue integrity.