Through what healing process does a decubitus ulcer typically heal?

A decubitus ulcer, also known as a pressure ulcer or bed sore, typically heals through secondary intention. This process is characterized by the wound healing from the edges and the base, rather than being closed with sutures or staples, which is the hallmark of primary intention healing. Secondary intention allows for the granulation tissue to fill the wound bed and for re-epithelialization to occur as the tissue slowly regenerates. This healing process is vital for larger or deeper wounds like decubitus ulcers, where the damage extends beyond just the epidermis to deeper tissue layers.

In secondary intention, the wound must contract and heal from the inside out, which can take longer than primary intention. The presence of granulation tissue is a key indicator of healing by secondary intention, and this method is often seen in wounds that are larger, contaminated, or where surgical closure is impractical. As the decubitus ulcer heals, it undergoes phases that include inflammation, granulation, and remodeling, emphasizing the body's natural ability to heal complex injuries without direct closure.