Identify a systemic condition that can impair collagen synthesis.

Vitamin C deficiency, commonly known as scurvy, is the correct choice because vitamin C plays a crucial role in the synthesis of collagen, which is an essential protein for maintaining tissue integrity. Collagen is a major component of connective tissues, and its proper formation is vital for skin, cartilage, and other tissues. Without sufficient vitamin C, the body cannot effectively hydroxylate proline and lysine, amino acids that are necessary for the stabilization and maturation of collagen fibers. Symptoms of scurvy can include weakened connective tissue, fragile blood vessels, and poor wound healing, all of which highlight the significance of collagen in maintaining tissue integrity.

In contrast, while diabetes, hypertension, and asthma can cause various health issues, they do not directly impair the synthesis of collagen in the same manner as vitamin C deficiency does. Diabetes may lead to complications that affect skin integrity and wound healing over time but does not impair collagen synthesis directly like vitamin C deficiency.